| 如何支持第一代大学生
——美国联邦教育项目的理念与实践 |
| How to Support First-Generation College Students:The Idea and Experience of the Federal Education Program in the United States |
| 摘要点击： 354 全文点击： 148 |
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| 中文关键词：第一代大学生 学生支持服务 处境不利学生 |
| 英文关键词：first-generation college students Student Support Services disadvantaged students |
| 基金项目：国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2019年度教育学青年课题“民国时期大学学术建制研究”（C0A190248） |
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| 中文摘要： |
| “学生支持服务”项目是一项美国于20世纪60年代设立的联邦教育项目，旨在通过对第一代大学生等处境不利的学生提供支持服务，有效提高其高等教育成就。在设置理念与性质方面，该项目重视高等教育中的文化因素，采用非经济化的项目准入标准和服务内容，强调形成支持性的文化氛围，以促进处境不利学生的学业成就。在具体设置和运营方面，该项目在国家层面以法律保障项目的地位来运营，由教育部分配项目基金，而具体运作由高校开展，便于为学生提供有针对性的支持服务，三者结合构建了健全的支持体系。“学生支持服务”项目促进了美国高等教育的公平发展与质量提升，其实施经验对于完善我国普及化时代的高等教育学生支持体系有一定借鉴价值。 |
| 英文摘要： |
| The "Student Support Services" program is a federal education program established in the United States in the 1960s. It effectively improves the achievements of higher education by providing support services to disadvantaged students such as first-generation college students. In terms of setting concept and nature, the program attaches importance to the cultural factors in higher education, adopts non-economic access standards and service contents, and emphasizes the formation of a supportive cultural atmosphere to promote the academic achievements of disadvantaged students. In terms of specific setting and operation, the status and operation of the program are guaranteed by law at the national level, funded by U. S. Department of Education, and carried out by colleges and universities, which is convenient to provide targeted support services for students. The combination of the three constructs a sound support system. The "Student Support Services" program has improved the fairness and quality of American higher education. Its implementation experience has a certain reference value for improving the student support system of higher education in the era of popularization in China. |
